This paper outlines the salient characteristics of competing models of economic regulation and controls. It then … developed, and complexity of regulation served as an important factor perpetuating the sugar program. Similarly, lobbying and …

EU countries closely regulate pharmaceutical prices whereas the U.S. does not. This paper shows how price constraints …&D spending grew at a real 5.4 percent rate. Results show that EU consumers enjoyed much lower pharmaceutical price inflation …

their best (lowest) price in some cases, a percentage below average price in others. Many theoretical models have shown that … product's characteristics match the incentives in the law. I find that after the MFC rule was implemented the average price of … branded products facing generic competition rose - the median presentation's price rose about 4%. Brands protected by patents …

today's developing world. Through a simple general equilibrium model, we show that a price squeeze on peasants increases …

industries subject to residual price regulation. Our empirical analyses demonstrate how the mechanism can be used to fulfill the … significant common costs. This paper analyzes a benchmark price approach to identifying "excessive" prices in multiproduct …

behavior with a sequence of quantity policy updates that achieves the first best in all periods. Under price regulation where … comparative advantage of prices versus quantities. Quantity regulation that can be traded over time leads firms to set current …

following state-level legislation that ended cost-of-service regulation of electricity generation. I find that deregulated … plants substantially reduce the price paid for coal (but not gas), and tend to employ less capital-intensive sulfur abatement …

Quantity-based regulation with banking allows regulated firms to shift obligations across time in response to periods …'s perspective and a limit on negative bank values (e.g., borrowing). We show conditions where banking provisions reduce price ….S. climate change policy, we find that bankable quantities produce behavior quite similar to price policies for about two decades …