The formerly planned economies (FPEs) of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union are a rather disparate group of nations with widely differing financial structures. In some of the countries of Eastern Europe the financial infrastructure is beginning to assume the characteristics that are...

This paper examines the role of relationship lending in small firm finance. We examine price and nonprice terms of bank lines of credit (L/C) extended to small firms. Our focus on bank L/Cs allows us toe examine a type of loan contract in which the bank-borrower relationship is likely to be an...

We examine the contention that as banks become larger and more organizationally complex i.e., more like universal banks they may reduce the supply of credit to small business borrowers. This would be consistent with an effort to reduce Williamson-type managerial diseconomies in providing...

We examine the effects of bank Mamp;As on small business lending using data on over 6,000 recent U.S. bank Mamp;As. We are the first to decompose the impact of Mamp;As into static effects from simply melding the antecedent institutions, and dynamic effects associated with post-Mamp;A refocusing...

We examine the effects of bank Mamp;As on small business lending. Our methodology permits empirical analysis of the vast majority of U.S. bank Mamp;As since the late 1970s -- over 6,000 Mamp;As involving over 10,000 banks (some active banks are counted multiple times). We are the first to...