A coupled 1D–2D hydrodynamic model linking the channel and flood detention basin for flood simulation with complex topography and irregular boundary was presented in this paper. The 1D Saint-Venant equations were used for governing flows in channel, and the four-point implicit Preissmann...

Surface evaporation is one of the main processes in the soil–atmosphere interaction. Since it is highly related to meteorological factors and soil properties, determination of evaporation rate from soil surface remains a challenge. To investigate the evaporation from unsaturated soil, a...