Location-allocation problems are a class of complicated optimization problems that determine the location of facilities and the allocation of customers to the facilities. In this paper, the uncapacitated continuous location-allocation problem is considered, and a particle swarm optimization...

This paper presents a new variant of an open vehicle routing problem (OVRP), in which competition exists between distributors. In the OVRP with competitive time windows (OVRPCTW), the reaching time to customers affects the sales amount. Therefore, distributors intend to service customers earlier...

This paper addresses a bi-modal multi-objective discrete urban road network design problem with automobile and bus flow interaction. The problem considers the concurrent urban road and bus network design in which the authorities play a major role in designing bus network topology. The road...