Tier 1 capital ratio) could increase bank lending spreads by about 50 basis points. The estimated effects on GDP growth … point per annum. Economic output is mainly affected by an increase in bank lending spreads as banks pass a rise in bank … funding costs, due to higher capital requirements, to their customers. To meet the capital requirements effective in 2015 (4 …

regulation created an environment prone to excessive risk-taking: capital buffers were too small; the quality of capital was …. Stronger regulations are needed to improve financial stability. Effective microprudential regulation is the first line of … defence. This should be upgraded by implementing the Basel III capital accord, as has been announced by the EU authorities …

This paper examines whether regulation that is more conducive to competitive and efficient financial systems has a … external sources of funding tend to grow faster in countries that have more competition-friendly regulation in markets for … banking services and financial instruments. The regulatory indicators are assembled from surveys conducted by the World Bank …

a tighter regulation of lenders. Enhancing competition in the banking market would also impose discipline on lending …

Bank regulation might have contributed to or even reinforced adverse systemic shocks that materialised during the … financial crisis. Capital regulation based on risk-weighted assets encourages innovation designed to circumvent regulatory … of bank equity, regulation that is not based on risk-weighted assets would affect annual GDP growth by -0.02 percentage …

crisis, including quantitative measures by the central bank and other institutions and regulatory changes by the Financial … promote efficiency in the financial sector by upgrading capital markets and improving the range and quality of financial …

its capital markets. However, the prompt response by the government and the central bank stabilised Korea’s financial …The intensification of the global financial crisis in late 2008 led to large capital outflows from Korea and turmoil in … vulnerability to sudden capital outflows. In addition, it is important to use prudential regulations effectively to limit the risk …

Tier 1 capital ratio) could increase bank lending spreads by about 50 basis points. The estimated effects on GDP growth … point per annum. Economic output is mainly affected by an increase in bank lending spreads as banks pass a rise in bank … funding costs, due to higher capital requirements, to their customers. To meet the capital requirements effective in 2015 (4 …

so far weathered the global slowdown well. Reform of capital markets has focused on phasing out trading prohibitions on …