concentrated and the tax and transfer system has little redistributive impact. The tax-to-GDP ratio remains low. Consumption taxes …, which tend to be regressive, account for the bulk. The progressivity of income taxes had been undermined by generous tax … reliefs, which benefit the well-off most and increase tax avoidance opportunities. The tax system should be reformed to …

maintains progressive personal income tax rates, gradually withdraws low-income support and provides additional benefits for low …This paper assesses Italy’s 2019 tax and benefit reforms, analyses hypothetical reforms and proposes a reform package … that balances goals of reducing poverty, encouraging employment and fiscal sustainability. Using the OECD’s Tax-Benefit and …

. Reforms should strengthen income protection by ensuring that cash benefits provide adequate and tailored support to those in …

support measures have helped to support households’ incomes and protect jobs during the COVID-19 crisis. However, high tax and …

to achieve convergence of policy outcomes to OECD upper standards is challenging. Efficiency gains in the tax system … could bring additional revenues. The tax base should be expanded by reducing informality, strengthening tax administration … unemployment and income inequality, the tax-benefit system should also be revised as it is now relatively regressive and the tax …