Competition authorities have already acquired significant knowledge about the concept of market power and dominance as well as practical experience when assessing anticompetitive practices. However, the introduction of potential new concepts, such as economic moats and entrenchment, may...

This paper provides an overview of some of the key behavioural biases and their potential impact on competition. It was prepared as a background note for discussions on “Integrating Consumer Behaviour Insights in Competition Enforcement” held during the June 2022 session of the OECD...

This paper sets out the objectives and scope of application of debarment sanctions in different jurisdictions; describes the practical issues associated with their application; and suggests ways to maximise their effectiveness. It was prepared as a background note for discussions on “Director...

This paper describes how digital platforms have transformed the distribution and consumption of news content and the complex competitive dynamics between news publishers and digital platforms. It was prepared as background for a discussion on Competition issues concerning news media and digital...

This paper explores the interaction between the governmental policies adopted to face the COVID-19 emergency and competition policy. It was prepared as background for a discussion on the role of competition policy in promoting economic recovery held in December 2020.

This paper reviews how competition authorities have incorporated innovation as part of their assessment in enforcement cases. It explores scenarios that have considered innovation from a static perspective, mostly analysing current and potential competition in well-identified product markets...

This paper discusses the theory of disruptive innovation, and will highlight some characteristics for competition authorities to consider when seeking to identify disruption. It was prepared as background material for the session "Disruptive innovation in Latin America and the Caribbean" held at...

The OECD Competition Committee debated competition policy and procurement markets in June 1998. This document includes an executive summary, an analytical note by the OECD and submissions from Australia, Denmark, the European Commission, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Korea, Norway, Spain,...

This paper was prepared as a background note for a discussion held at the OECD in June 2015 on competition issues in liner shipping. It discusses the main developments and competition issues in the sector, namely, regulation in different countries, the role of liner shipping consortia and...

This paper was prepared as background for a discussion held at the OECD in June 2015 on oligopoly markets. It focuses on collusion and conduct facilitating collusion in oligopolies. It provides a brief introduction to the notion of agreement, covers merger control and the analysis of the...