Competition authorities have already acquired significant knowledge about the concept of market power and dominance as well as practical experience when assessing anticompetitive practices. However, the introduction of potential new concepts, such as economic moats and entrenchment, may...

Recent global developments, and a number of serious crises, have led to large government interventions in many jurisdictions, driving a debate on whether there is a need to rethink the role of industrial policy in modern economies. This paper explores how to use industrial policy and make it...

The regulation of occupations is widespread, extending beyond the liberal professions, such as lawyers and engineers, to a broader set of other economic activities. Competition authorities have long been active in improving competition in these markets, both through enforcement action and by...

This paper identifies the various information collection and analytical methodologies used in market studies, as well as some common considerations regarding their selection and application. It was prepared as a background note for a discussion held at the OECD in June 2017 on methodologies for...

This paper was prepared as a background note for a discussion held at the 2015 OECD Global Forum on Competition on serial offenders. It explored why some industries seem prone to endemic collusion and others don't.

This paper provides an overview of some of the key behavioural biases and their potential impact on competition. It was prepared as a background note for discussions on “Integrating Consumer Behaviour Insights in Competition Enforcement” held during the June 2022 session of the OECD...

This paper sets out the objectives and scope of application of debarment sanctions in different jurisdictions; describes the practical issues associated with their application; and suggests ways to maximise their effectiveness. It was prepared as a background note for discussions on “Director...

This paper describes how digital platforms have transformed the distribution and consumption of news content and the complex competitive dynamics between news publishers and digital platforms. It was prepared as background for a discussion on Competition issues concerning news media and digital...

Data screening tools in competition investigations are empirical methods that use datasets to evaluate markets and firms’ behaviour in them, identify patterns and draw conclusions based on specific tested parameters. This paper focuses on screens aimed at detecting cartels, as these are by far...