Fiscal policy has recently been encouraged to increase competition, monitor Africa's debt to GDP and improve its economic growth. Importantly, the present fiscal situation in most African countries will seem to have significant consequences for both public and private investments. This paper...

The recognised approach to designing an optimal monetary policy model is based on the central bank's ability to mitigate losses using a quadratic criterion subject to the linear structure of the economy. This study examines the United States Federal Reserve's (Fed) monetary policy in different...