As a professional sport, professional football teams in a league compete in imperfect market conditions since every team in a professional football league may be known by their differentiated product (i.e. the quality of football they play). If the competition level increases, the quality of...

This study is primarily concerned with the degree of professional football competition in the Turkish first division football since its establishment. Moreover, this article aims to find the optimal number of football teams in a league as well as presenting the effects of the changes in point...

This paper analyses the impact of point systems on the degree of competition in professional football leagues via the annual coefficient of variation (CV) of end-of-season points. The past, existing and some alternative point systems were applied to a hypothetical football league consisting of...

This study is based on a statistical analysis of the Turkish professional football and provides a football competition index for over 40 years.