industry, the wholesalers and retailers, prescribers, and patients. The objectives of pharmaceutical policies are … reduce the patients' demand for drugs by either denying or limiting reimbursement of products and providing an incentive for … patients to reduce their consumption of drugs. These interventions include defining a list either of drugs reimbursed (positive …

in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and has been licensed for use in patients with highly … active RRMS (HARRMS). These patients are those who experience higher relapse rates and faster disability progression than the … natalizumab in RRMS patients. Additional data were sourced from the literature. A UK societal cost perspective was used in the …

, intravenous (IV) ganciclovir, in the maintenance treatment of newly diagnosed cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with … included IV ganciclovir induction, IV or oral ganciclovir maintenance and IV ganciclovir reinduction for patients whose CMV … assumed that patients received either inpatient or outpatient care, or both. The model provided an analysis in a Canadian …

hospital costs increased significantly (p = 0.003) over the 3 periods analysed (before 1987, 1987 to 1995, and 1996 and beyond …-specific Gross Domestic Product Purchasing Power Parity converters. A summary of hospital cost estimates over time and by region …

Patients with angina pectoris have a reduced quality of life because of their symptoms, impaired activity and anxiety …. A comparison of NHP scores with those of the healthy population revealed that patients with angina particularly seem to …