The continued growth in the economic evaluation of healthcare over the past 25 years has led to a shortage of trained health economists globally, leading to a number of universities and/or national governments developing specialised health economics programmes to train more health economists....

The application of cost-effectiveness analysis in healthcare has become commonplace in the US, but the validity of this approach is in jeopardy unless the proverbial $US50 000 per QALY benchmark for determining value for money is updated for the 21st century. While the initial aim of this...

Internationally, there has been a movement in medicine to better involve patients in decision making, whether it be at the individual or aggregate level. However, the German health sector has been slow to understand and accommodate the preferences of patients. This paper discusses the reasons...