Background: The erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) epoetin alfa (EA) and darbepoetin alfa (DA) have comparable efficacy in treating chemotherapy-induced anaemia (CIA). Therapy choice depends on many factors, including cost. Previous estimates of ESA cost differences have been derived from...

This article provides an overview of the central issues regarding cost valuation and analysis for a decision maker's evaluation of costing performed within randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Costing involves specific choices for valuation and analysis that involve trade-offs. Understanding...