Using a simple, annealed model, some of the key features of the recently introduced extremal optimization heuristic are demonstrated. In particular, it is shown that the dynamics of local search possesses a generic critical point under the variation of its sole parameter, separating phases of...

Typical combinatorial optimizations are NP-hard; however, for a particular class of cost functions the corresponding combinatorial optimizations can be solved in polynomial time using the transfer matrix technique or, equivalently, the dynamic programming approach. This suggests a way to...

We study the dynamical behavior of shuttle buses on a route where N buses shuttle between an origin and a destination repeatedly. We present the dynamic model of shuttle buses to take into account the speed control depending on time headway between buses. The model is described by N-dimensional...

We investigate the dynamic behavior of shuttle buses when passengers switch to another bus B on route B from bus A on route A. By switching from bus A to bus B, the outflow of passengers from route A (inflow of passengers into route B) changes to the periodic inflow of a square wave. The...

Negative differential conductivity in superlattices leads to the growth of inevitable spatial fluctuations. The spatially homogeneous electron distribution then becomes unstable, and a propagating electron accumulation-layer domain is formed. It is shown that envelopes of the wave functions are...

We calculate the distribution of the distance headways (i.e., the instantaneous gap between successive vehicles) as well as the distribution of instantaneous distance between successive jams in the Nagel-Schreckenberg (NS) model of vehicular traffic. When the maximum allowed speed, Vmax, of the...

We study the dynamical behavior of a single vehicle moving through a sequence of traffic lights on a single-lane highway, where the traffic lights turn on and off periodically with the synchronized or green-wave strategies. The dynamical model of the vehicle controlled by traffic lights is...