Indonesia adjusted rapidly to sharply falling external terms of trade during the 1980's - using a classic package of currency devaluation, budgetary and monetary restraint, and regulatory relaxation. This paper discusses how the country fared in its efforts to alleviate poverty and...

Processing and collection costs of loans made to small farmers are high relative to the amount lent. Lending groups and credit cooperatives have been ascribed the potential to reach small farmers with affordable credit because the processing of one large loan rather than numerous small loans may...

The authors examine the structure of poverty in Indonesia by sector of employment, and how it changed during the adjustment period, 1984 to 1987. They find that, while aggregate poverty decreased during the period, the gains to the poor were quite uneven across regions and sectors. Gains to the...