The increase in investment abroad during the past two decades may help explain the simultaneous worldwide rush toward free trade. The entry of foreign capital may change the political game, increasing openness to international trade no matter what form the foreign capital takes (whether entering...

"This paper assesses the impact that a potential liberalization of sugar regimes in OECD countries could have on household labor income and poverty in Brazil. The authors first estimate the extent of price transmission from world markets to 11 Brazilian states to capture the fact that some local...

"The objective of this paper is to provide indicators of trade restrictiveness that include both measures of tariff and nontariff barriers for 91 developing and industrial countries. For each country, the authors estimate three trade restrictiveness indices. The first one summarizes the degree...

When technology transfer is costly, a foreign firm and host country government may differ in their preferences over direct entry and acquisition. Government intervention could help induce the socially preferred choice

Country size matters in determining the effectiveness of domestic and foreign competition on pricing behavior in manufacturing. Removing barriers to entry of new firms reduces markups more in large countries, while removing barriers to imports reduces markups more in small countries