finds that the global level of schooling and learning will fall. COVID-19 could result in a loss of between 0.3 and 0 ….9 years of schooling adjusted for quality, bringing down the effective years of basic schooling that students achieve during …

existing research on the returns to education and makes the case for investment in schooling. In Vietnam, the returns to … schooling are 10 percent overall. The returns to primary and secondary education have declined over time and are lower than the …