In this paper we extend the original heterogeneous agent model by introducing smart traders and changes in agents' sentiment. The idea of smart traders is based on the endeavor of market agents to estimate future price movements. By adding smart traders and changes in sentiment we try to improve...

A heterogeneous agents model with the worst out algorithm was considered for obtaining more realistic market conditions. The WOA replaces periodically the trading strategies that have the lowest performance level of all strategies presented on the market by the new ones. New strategies that...

The efficient market hypothesis (EMH) fails as a valid model of financial markets. The fractal market hypothesis (FMH) is a more general alternative way to the EMH. The FMH is formed on the following parameter space: agents' investment horizons. A financial market is more stable when a fractal...

The efficient markets hypothesis provides a theoretical basis on which technical trading rules (TTRs) are rejected as a viable trading strategy. TTRs, providing a signal to the user when to buy or sell asset based on such price patterns, should not be useful for generating excess returns....