This article provides estimates of the impact of earmarked revenues on the level and composition of state expenditures. Examined are four types of state spending —total, elementary and secondary education, highways, and aid to nonschool local governments -and two measures of earmarking...

This article examines the problem of structuring intergovernmental aid to correct for fiscal disparities. In general, distributing aid to equalize average tax effort will not eliminate underlying fiscal disparities. To do so requires that aid be distributed so as to equalize the local tax rate...

This essay documents the persistent tnterstate and mtrastate differences in private Abstract school enrollment shares in the United States and argues that heterogeneity of the population and the extent of intergovernmental competition could be important factors in explaining these differences....