The nexus between trade openness and energy demand is hot topic of discussion among academicians and researchers, and numerous studies are available in existing literature while investigating the nexus between trade openness and energy demand. This paper explores the relationship between energy...

This paper investigates the impact of urbanization on energy consumption by applying the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology (STIRPAT) in case of Malaysia. The study covers the time period of 1970Q1–2011Q4. The unit root test and the ARDL bounds testing...

The objective of this paper is to reinvestigate the relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth by including foreign direct investment, capital and trade openness in Malaysia for the period of 1971–2012. The structural break unit root test is employed to investigate the...

This study examines the linkages among economic growth, energy consumption, financial development, trade openness and CO2 emissions over the period of 1975Q1–2011Q4 in case of Indonesia. The stationary analysis is performed by using Zivot–Andrews unit root test and the ARDL bounds testing...

The present study deals with an empirical investigation between CO2 emissions, energy intensity, economic growth and globalization using annual data over the period of 1970–2010 for Turkish economy. We applied unit root test and cointegration approach in the presence of structural breaks. The...

The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth by incorporating capital and labour as potential determinants of production function in case of Pakistan. This study used auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and rolling...

The environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis posits that in the early stages of economic growth environmental degradation and pollution increase. However, as a nation reaches a certain level of income, measured in per capita terms, the trend reverses. The postulated relationship thus produces an...

The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between macroeconomic factors (i.e., population growth; urbanization, industrialization, exchange rate, price level, food production index and live stock production index) and renewable energy in Pakistan over a period of 1975–2012. In...

This paper explores how carbon taxation and economic growth affect environment hazards in Malaysia using time series data over the period 1974–2010. We applied cointegration and causality approaches to determine the long-term cointegration and direction of causal relationship between these...

This paper investigates the relationship between industrialization, electricity consumption and CO2 emissions in case of Bangladesh using quarter frequency data over the period of 1975–2010. The ARDL bounds testing approach is applied to examine cointegration in the presence of structural...