The EC REACH regulation was enforced the 1st June 2007. REACH requires undertakings to prove the environmental and sanitary innocuousness of their chemical substances. The implementation of this regulation involves the production and exchange of a significant amount of technical and competitive...

Growth of international outsourcing, has been a dominant feature of the international economy. Recent theoretical developments have focused on firm behaviour and its consequences on trade structure, through the introduction of the modern theory of the firm. In a first section, we link this new...