[fre] Le thème de l'indépendance de la Banque centrale a reçu récemment une attention importante, tant dans la littérature théorique que dans le débat public. Celle-ci empêcherait les gouvernements de pratiquer des politiques économiques trop expansionnistes, qui, intégrées dans les...

Recent evidence has renewed views on the size of fiscal multipliers. It is notably emphasized that fiscal multipliers are higher in times of crisis. Starting from this literature, we develop a simple and tractable model to deal with the fiscal strategy led by euro area countries. Constrained by...

Exchange rate policy is of primordial economic importance given its impact on price stability, real growth and regional cohesion. In this article, we argue that the euro area thus needs a true exchange rate policy, to which it is entitled by law, but that it finds itself unable to implement for...