A recently introduced accounting standard, namely the International Financial Reporting Standard 9, requires banks to build provisions based on forward-looking expected loss models. When there is a significant increase in credit risk of a loan, additional provisions must be charged to the income...

There is an increasing influence of machine learning in business applications, with many solutions already implemented and many more being explored. Since the global financial crisis, risk management in banks has gained more prominence, and there has been a constant focus around how risks are...

One of the key components of counterparty credit risk (CCR) measurement is generating scenarios for the evolution of the underlying risk factors, such as interest and exchange rates, equity and commodity prices, and credit spreads. Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) is a widely used method for...

This paper examines the bank liquidity risk while using a maturity mismatch indicator of loans and deposits (LTDm) during a specific period. Core banking activities that are based on the process of maturity transformation are the most exposed to liquidity risk. The financial crisis in...

This study highlights the superior performance of Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) in credit risk modeling under IFRS 9, particularly during economic uncertainty, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Using granular bank-level data from Malta, spanning 2017-2023, the analysis integrates macroeconomic...

This work aims to develop a measure of how much credit risk is priced into equity options. Such a measure appears particularly appealing when applied to a portfolio of equity options, as it allows for the factoring in of firm-specific default dynamics, thus producing a comparable statistic...

This paper discusses ambiguity in the context of single-name credit risk. We focus on uncertainty in the default intensity but also discuss uncertainty in the recovery in a fractional recovery of the market value. This approach is a first step towards integrating uncertainty in credit-risky term...

The main aim of the research was to determine the key factors determining the level of credit risk of individual clients (clients in the form of natural persons, excluding companies) on the example of Polish cooperative banks according to the following features: transaction characteristics,...

Stability indicators are essential to banks in order to identify instability caused by adverse economic circumstances or increasing risks such as customer defaults. This paper develops a novel comprehensive stability indicator (CSI) that can readily be used by individual banks, or by regulators...

The current research aims to examine the credit risk determinants in Jordan’s banks. Macroeconomic factors were included to examine credit risk in commercial banks by adopting the balanced data for the examination between 2008-2019. The result shows that credit risk relates to foreign direct...