The target costing method involves implementing a homogeneous set of tools on cost planning, cost management and cost control. This method aims to reduce costs by knowing the different stages of a product cycle, analyzing the costs of each phase and improving the technologies and manufacturing...

The target costing method involves implementing a homogeneous set of tools on cost planning, cost management and cost control. This method aims to reduce costs by knowing the different stages of a product cycle, analyzing the costs of each phase and improving the technologies and manufacturing...

The purpose of the study is to demonstrate that the reference rate influences significantly the economic evolution of a country or some large areas on which that currency circulates; we mean euro and US dollar. The monetary policy regarding the reference rate influences clearly the economic...

Mentality is defined as an assembly of manners of acting or thinking about someone or something. Related to the history of mentalities in the 19th century the core elements were the building of the nation and the constitutional law and only at the beginning of the 20th century the economic...

Having as starting point Radu Stoenescu’s book with respect to discount, and the difficulty in defining discount, we pursue to clarify this category and other associated ones, such as reference rate, discount rate, re-discount and its rate, in a historical and actual approach. The purpose is...

The USA and the Western Europe are responsible for 2/3 of the CO2 emissions accumulated until today. On the other hand, Africa has produced only 3% of polluting emission since 1900 until today, by burning mineral fuels. Since 1992, the most industrialized countries have promised to help “the...

The European Union Strategy for the Danube is an internal EU strategy where all river-side countries are invited to take part, complying with the three principles applied also in the case of the EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region.The three pillars proposed by the European Commission and which...

The assessment of uncertainty that characterizes the econometric model parameters is an important input for policymakers that have to establish more alternative policies to protect against persistent shocks of the economy. The objective of this useful research for policymakers is to evaluate the...