New technical innovations in the form of new production technologies are known to affect productivity, but organisational innovations and new ways of designing products have now been found to have a profound influence on productivity. These innovations have moved the industrialised countries...

This paper makes a selective and interpretative review of the literature on university-industry relations, to identify questions for further research. The ‘bare bones’ of an analytical framework for approaching university-industry relations are provided, by conceptualising the role of...

This paper identifies and critically discusses the validity of a set of dominant beliefs in the current debate on Swedish science policy. The beliefs, which centre on academic research, include important assumptions about the scale, orientation, functions, control and funding of such work. We...

It is commonly believed that the academic sector does not generate enough value for society. This value is often measured in terms of new firms, patents and products, leading to policy responses which aim to enhance 'commercialisation' by academics. However, others maintain that academic...