Ratliff, Thomas C. - In: Social Choice and Welfare 18 (2001) 1, pp. 79-89
In an election without a Condorcet winner, Dodgson's method is designed to find the candidate that is "closest" to being a Condorcet winner. Similarly, if the head-to-head elections among all candidates do not give a complete transitive ranking, then Kemeny's Rule finds the "closest" transitive...