Income contingent loans (ICLs) are a financial tool that optimizes the transactional efficiencies involved in the government monopoly in taxing personal income. It protects the borrowers against periods of low income, as instalments vary according to fluctuations in their incomes over the...

The contemporary debate on postsecondary student funding involves two key issues: a) fiscally responsible ways to allocate more resources to public institutions, as by increasing student participation on the costs of their studies in a manner that avoids additional barriers to access; b) design...

This paper estimates the relative technical efficiency of Brazilian municipalities in the public education using the DEA model along with tobit regressions with the aid of re sampling methods. The jackstrap method enabled the estimation of robust efficiency scores, while the bootstrap allowed...

This text for discussion addresses the implications of the new tax regimes - Union and states - in the financing of public education. It adopts the disaffection of taxation as the northern implications, and concludes that the changes generated a less cooperative, more restrictive in terms of...

This text aims to offer three contributions to the study of Brazilian public expenditures on health and education. First by constructing annual and bimonthly estimates of these expenditures in order to allow time series analyses of their historical evolution. Second by analysing the relative...

This Discussion Paper deals with the institutional and economic aspects of the Brazilian federative state according to the 1988 Constitution. The context of vertical coordination of urban infrastructure investments is then examined. Previous studies have shown that the benefits of economic...

In this study we analyze some methods that can be used to perform grouping of unit that make up a public service delivery system (e.g., schools, health centers and police stations). The methods discussed here are: i) one based on some spatial partition of the units (for example, grouping by...

The recent health crisis installed around the world because of the covid-19 pandemic has once again brought the debate on issues related to the development, production, and access to health technologies to the center of the government agenda. In Brazil, it exposed the national vulnerability due...

A common explanation for the poor performance of entrepreneurs in developing economies is their inability to obtain credit to expand their scale of operation. This paper assesses the aggregate impacts of the Cartão BNDES, a credit line targeted at small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Brazil,...