This study estimated ad-valorem equivalent (AVE) for non-tariff measures (NTM) applied by 81 countries to 5.321 products in six-digit products of the harmonized system (HS). For that, the study follow the method developed by Kee, Nicita e Olarreaga (2009) and the contributions brought by Beghin,...

This paper analyzes the effects of non-tariff measures on international trade, using a structural gravity model with 77 exporters, 63 importers, and all goods available in the 6-digit Harmonized System. Unlike most of the literature on the subject, we chose to estimate the effect of each measure...

The goal was to analyze the trend of agricultural support in the European Union (EU), China, the United States of America (USA), and Japan from 2000 to 2022. Producer Support Estimate (PSE) and Consumer Support Estimate (CSE) estimates organized by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and...

This work aimed to synthetize information regarding beef, pork and broiler production in Brazil, as well as the role of Brazil in the international market. This study was developed within a partnership between The Brazilian Trade and Investment Promotion Agency (Apex-Brasil) and The Institute...

Chinese society has transformed in recent decades, moving from a predominantly agricultural country to one of the largest economies in the world. However, the accelerated industrialization and urbanization process has created considerable gaps between the rural and urban areas and the...

The globalization of food trade has needed robust traceability systems to ensure consumer safety, quality and sustainability product. By fostering transparency in agricultural practices and encouraging responsible resource use, traceability plays a key role in protecting the environment and...

This study analyzes the specialization of a group of countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, United States, Guatemala, Mexico, Peru and Uruguay) in international trade from 2000 to 2021. For the comparison, it was calculated indicators of revealed comparative advantage (VCR),...

This study aims to analyze the agricultural contribution to the Brazilian trade balance from 1989 to 2022 and identify the products with a major share in such results. Moreover, it investigates the changes in the products of the Brazilian agricultural trade and discusses outlooks for Brazil's...

United States and India represent trade partners with strong demand for Brazilian food or interesting potential for future business. Here the objective was to verify the importance and potential in USA and Indian markets for Brazilian agricultural exports. Results based on identifying products...

It is renowned the importance of trade balance for maintaining macroeconomic equilibrium. So, the objective of the study was to identify main products in Brazilian agricultural exports from 1989 to 2012 and, secondly, to describe the identified products and formulate questions for future...