This paper investigates the following questions: what were the effects of the 1990s economic reforms on employment, wages, income inequality indicators and international competitiveness? Did economic reforms cause major or minor effects on the economy? Who were the gainers and the losers of the...

The aim of this paper is to present a review of the theoretical and empirical literature about the effects of trade liberalization on the labor markets of developing countries. We discuss models which seek to explain the empirical finding that openness has increased the wage inequality in...

This article investigates whether the trade liberalization introduced in Brazil by the end of the 1980s affected the structure of employment and wage. We use data from the manufacturing sector from 1987 to 1998 and found evidences that the higher trade flow affected the inter-industry employment...