Purpose: This paper aims to determine the opportunity cost borne by US commercial banks to reduce non-performing loans (NPLs) by one unit within the global financial crisis framework. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve this aim, the authors use the directional output distance function to...

Purpose – Many factors like CEO (“the chief executive officer”) decision can influence efficiency and productivity in insurance firms. This paper seeks to address this issue. Design/methodology/approach – To test the effect of CEO power on the efficiency and the productivity of the...