National borders are often considered to constrain the international flow of products, services, people and capital. However, borders and differences between countries could also promote cross-border mobility. This contribution investigates what discourages and encourages cross-border shopping...

Since the construction of the hierarchical retail system in the postwar period, the main goal of Dutch retail planning has been to preserve city centres and the complementary shopping centres. National guidelines restricted the development of large-scale retail locations on peripheral sites....