This paper evaluates the impact of an area-based congestion pricing scheme in terms of its effectiveness on mitigating traffic congestion by using a system dynamics model. Unknown parameter values are calibrated using data available from the area-based pricing scheme implemented in the London...

This paper provides a modeling framework based on the system dynamics approach by which policy makers can understand the dynamic and complex nature of traffic congestion within a transportation socioeconomic system representation of a metropolitan area. This framework offers policy makers an...