A model for optimal bus service in urban areas is presented. Following the recent increasing environmental concerns the model takes, as objective function, the total (bus and car modes) reduction of fuel consumption. The optimal service level, price and bus size are determined subject to the...

The effectiveness of optimal bus policy for dealing with fuel consumption in urban areas under different hypotheses of car pricing is investigated. The transport system of autos and buses is modelled as set of modes in equilibrium where bus service is provided with the objective of maximizing...

An optimization framework for intermediate-level planning of bus operations on a given corridor is presented. Service patterns over different operation periods, which include short-turn strategies (full-length and short-turn line) and variable vehicle size, are considered. Variables optimized...