The Newell–Daganzo merge model is not only very simple but also accurately reproduces experimental findings. However, the capacity downstream of the merge is an exogenous variable in the model. This is a serious limitation for merges that behave as active bottlenecks because their downstream...

This paper first presents a method to estimate Newell's car-following model parameters in congestion at a microscopic scale. I-80 NGSim data analysis shows that at this scale driving behaviors vary from one vehicle to the another. Then, relations between stochastic Newell's model with...