Officials in developing countries with legal and political systems of continental European origin often argue that the model of independent regulatory agencies for utilities is appropriate only for Anglo-Saxon countries. Yet countries in continental Europe have also adopted this model. Comparing...

Among the countries fully liberalizing their telecommunicationssector, some have chosen to rely mainly on sector-specific rules,often applied by sector-specific institutions, while others havedepended on economywide antitrust rules and institutions to controlmarket power. This Note describes the...

Full liberalization of telecommunications markets provides scope for relying largely on general antitrust rules and institutions for economic regulation. But at least for a time after liberalization, sector-specific rules and institutions are likely to be needed in some areas, including...

Many governments, particularly in developing and emerging market economies, still doubt the benefits of competition in wireless services. But international experience shows that competition in any of the digital technologies brings substantial benefits to users and creates powerful incentives...