of this harmonization on both intra- and extra-EU imports in an original empirical contribution to this literature. We … for adverse effects of regulatory heterogeneity on intra-EU trade in the pre-harmonization period, which questions the … implementation of the Cassis de Dijon principle. Our findings also suggest that the EU's MRL harmonization may have improved access …

) approach was used to test the harmonization hypothesis relating the capital account ratio to the profit rate across the … from the fixed-effects means were not significantly different from zero. The harmonization hypothesis was accepted …

of the organization to better cope with the inter-market uncertainty. However, a downside of centralization is that it …