During the 1950s and 1960s, a coherent system of economic policies was implemented in Norway. The article analyses the origins and functioning of this Norwegian model and shows how it broke down under the influence of both external and internal pressures from the mid-1970s onwards. By the early...

“Technology” and “competitiveness” are two of the most popular buzz-words of our time. Increasingly policy makers on both sides of the Atlantic link the two. But what do we really mean when we talk about the international competitiveness of a country? And what does technology have to do...

This paper reviews the literature on technology and competitiveness. First, the concept of the international competitiveness of a country, and various theoretical approaches on the relationship between trade and growth, are discussed. Then a number of empirical studies of the impact of...

This paper develops and tests a model of differing trends in international competitiveness and economic growth across countries. The model relates the development of market shares at home and abroad to three sets of factors: the ability to compete in technology, the ability to compete in...

This paper shows that there have been important changes in how the global economic system works. A high growth regime has gradually been substituted by one of low growth. This change appears to be especially pronounced for small economies. Until the end of the 1980s the scope for technological...

During the last two decades we have seen a revival of interest in the works of Joseph Schumpeter and “evolutionary” ideas in economics more generally. A professional society honouring Schumpeter’s name has been founded, and linked to it we have had for more than fifteen years now a...

This paper contains a discussion and test of the technology gap approach to development and growth. The basic hypotheses of the theory are tested on pooled cross-sectional and time-series data for 25 industrial countries for the period 1960-1983. The sample includes, in addition to 19 OECD...

Most analyses of international differences in productivity growth present data for OECD countries only. Although defendable from a data-quality point of view, this implies that some important industrial countries that have grown fast in recent years are excluded from the analysis. To avoid this...

This paper discusses the impact of economic integration on production and trade in high-tech goods. The theoretical evidence is considered in section 2. The remaining part of the paper presents an empirical analysis of this relationship for two groups of countries, the Nordic countries and the...

In recent years the research on the relation between technology and economic growth has flourished. This paper presents a brief overview of different theoretical perspectives in this area; the old orthodox theory (that of Robert Solow and others), more heterodox approaches, and the new orthodox...