In European environmental water legislation, costs are deemed disproportionate when the total cost of a supplementary environmental measure appreciably exceeds the total benefit generated by the measure (cost-benefit concept). Moreover when costs are lower than benefits, they are deemed...

Monetary valuation techniques are often used for evaluating the effect of a change in ecosystem services on components of human wellbeing, even though they face several problems such as poor scientific knowledge on ecological-economic interactions, difficulty for monetary valuation techniques to...

The aim of this paper is to assess the possible contribution of an input-output model towards two of the precepts advocated by the sustainability strategy of integrated coastal zone management and Post-Normal Sciences. According to these precepts, decision support tools should offer a holistic...

As one of the offsetting instruments, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) allows industrialized countries to meet their compliance objectives by undertaking and financing project activities in developing countries with certified emissions reductions (CERs) in return. Next to Kyoto mechanisms,...