choice, groups typically vote for the reward option, even though punishment is actually more effective in sustaining high …

punishment behavior. Our study uses experiments conducted with 525 officers in the Swiss Army, and exploits random assignment to … prisoner's dilemma game with in-group as opposed to out-group members. They also use a costly punishment option to selectively … stronger in-group cooperation, but also a qualitative change in punishment: punishment becomes anti-social, harming cooperative …

punishment tournament, which, respectively, reward the best performer and punish the worst performer. We show that while the two …. Specifically, punishment tournaments lead to higher profits of the firm. The reason is that low-ability agents are discouraged less … in punishment tournaments than in reward tournaments, and hence can be compensated less to meet their participation …