into account the impact of population aging on labour productivity. China’s fast move towards robotisation and artificial …China is experiencing population ageing caused by a rapidly declining fertility rate and increased life expectancy … circumstances, China’s shrinking population will shave off 1.4 percent from GDP growth annually. These results, however, do not take …

bottlenecks that might be hindering the translation of China's innovation efforts into productivity growth. … down on research and development (R&D) spending and STEM-oriented human capital. In this paper, we assess China's progress … research and patents. We then evaluate how China has fared with respect to the ultimate goal of commercialising this progress …