The concept of social inclusion, also referred to as social integration or social cohesion, represents a vision for "a society for all" in which every individual, each with rights and responsibilities, has an active role to play (Report of the World Summit for Social Development, 1995). While...

We exploit an expansion in social protection to middle-income households to provide evidence on how middle-income households cope with economic shocks and how to build their resilience. We use a regression discontinuity design around the eligibility cutoff for a program that delivered monthly...

This working paper provides testimony on the integration of ESG considerations and impact investing in the areas of venture capital (VC) and business angel (BA) investing. The results are survey-based and are derived from the respective questions in the EIF VC Survey 2019 and the EIF Business...

This paper takes a critical look at possible explanations for poor European venture capital performance over the past two decades. Various supply-side hypotheses are discussed, including arguments relating to insufficient investment, investment in the wrong markets, exit difficulties due to...

This paper presents a general overview of the European Private Equity (PE) market as of September 2009, based on industry activity data published by the European Venture Capital Association (EVCA) in November 2009 and the latest performance data published by Thomson Reuters Venture Xpert as of...