This Working Paper surveys the extent to which Member States comply with CSRs relating to social policy. This provides a yardstick by which to measure their compliance with both the European semester and adherence to the principles of the European Pillar of Social Rights. Looking more closely at...

Consider a voting procedure where countries, states, or districts comprising a union each elect representatives who then participate in later votes at the union level on their behalf. The countries, provinces, and states may vary in their populations and composition. If we wish to maximize the...

The clock is ticking and time is running short for us to have a realistic chance to get climate change under control and prevent it becoming irreversible and selfsustaining. Phasing out coal is widely seen as a 'low hanging fruit' of climate policy commitments in the move towards a net zero...