This paper analyzes compliance with emission regulations, focusing on investment in innovation and cheating as primary strategies. Firms prioritize developing a truly compliant technology but may activate a cheating device depending on the outcome of innovation, the monitoring system in place,...

Using counterfactual microsimulations, Shapley decompositions of time change in inequality and poverty indices make it possible to disentangle and quantify the relative effect of tax-benefit policy changes, compared to all other effects including shifts in the distribution of market income....

For policy makers and analysts, it is important to isolate the redistributive impact of tax-benefit policy changes from changes in the environment in which policies operate. When actual reforms are motivated by work incentives, it is also crucial to evaluate behavioural responses and the...