Arabic Abstract: هَدَفَ البحث إلى دراسة أحكام بيع المضطر في الفقه الإسلامي، حيث تتناول الفقرة الأولى تعريف المضطر، والمصطلحات ذات الصلة، وحكم معاوضة المضطر بحسب أشكال...

The deposit-refund-system combines a tax between producer and consumer that is refunded if the packaging is used for recycling. This system can be used for plastic, cardboard and aluminum packaging, in addition to batteries, and electronic machinery. The deposit-refund system is based on...

The paper investigates efficiency performance of thirty six banks operating in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries during the period 2006-2008 . Our results indicate in general GCC banks showed considerable pure technical efficiency in the past three years with the year 2007 exhibit the...