English Abstract: The impacts of fluctuations of exchange rates of foreign hard currencies are well documented in the … is among those where impacts of fluctuations in exchange rates versus national currencies are strongly observed and felt … on its economy. In the past three decades they represented the highest effects on real money's value, had macroeconomic …

English Abstract: The basic objective of this study is to estimate the Sudanese demand for money function during (1980 …-2013), to prove the hypotheses of this study that is, the stability of demand for money, incomplete and ineffective monetary … policy to attain the aggregate macroeconomic goals. The short-run and the long-run demand for money functions were estimated …

Money; Islamic law; economic and religious aspects; Islam …