La traslación del tipo de cambio (ERPT, por sus siglas en inglés) a los precios de importación y consumo en la Unión Europea es, en términos agregados, menor que en los años 90 y tiene un comportamiento no lineal. Estimaciones agregadas de una traslación pequeña a los precios al consumo...

Artículo de revista ; According to the Bank Lending Survey, during 2019 Q4, credit standards tightened slightly for all categories of lending in Spain, whereas this only affected consumer credit and other lending to households in the euro area. In this segment, the general terms and conditions...

Artículo de revista ; According to the Bank Lending Survey, in 2020 Q1 credit supply contracted slightly in both Spain and the euro area, affecting practically all the segments analysed. Demand for loans continued to fall in Spain across the board, although firms’ demand fell at a slower rate...

Artículo de revista ; The latest Bank Lending Survey results show a widespread contraction of credit supply both in Spain and in the euro area in 2020 Q3, which would be linked to increased risk perception. On the demand side, demand from firms fell in both Spain and the euro area following the...

Artículo de revista ; According to the Bank Lending Survey, during 2021 Q1 the loan supply contracted slightly once again in almost all segments both in Spain and in the euro area, which is linked to banks’ heightened risk perceptions. Loan applications slipped across the board in the two...

Artículo de revista ; According to the Bank Lending Survey, in 2021 Q2 the changes in credit standards were negligible in Spain and in the euro area, while loan applications increased across the board in the two areas. Compared with prior quarters, these more favourable developments in loan...

Artículo de revista ; According to the Bank Lending Survey, during 2021 Q3 credit standards held stable or tightened slightly, depending on the segment, in both Spain and the euro area. Terms and conditions on new loans appear to have eased slightly in Spain in the two household lending...

Artículo de revista ; According to the Bank Lending Survey, during 2021 Q4 credit standards tightened slightly in Spain, while remaining virtually unchanged in most segments in the euro area. The terms and conditions applied to new loans did not change significantly in either of the two areas,...

Artículo de revista ; According to the Bank Lending Survey, during 2022 Q2 credit standards and credit terms and conditions tightened slightly, across all market segments, both in Spain and in the euro area. Meanwhile, loan applications declined or rose more moderately in both areas, in almost...

Artículo de revista ; In 2022 to date there has been a tightening of financing conditions for firms and households, with a strong rise in the cost of corporate debt issuance and a contraction in the supply of loans. However, the pass-through of market interest rates to bank lending interest...