Energy efficiency is a key priority also from a climate perspective, but efforts to increase efficiency should be balanced with the effort to increase the share of renewable sources in order to reduce fossil emissions. The climate impact of various energy efficiency measures are quite different...

Environmental taxes imposed on households have been introduced in many countries. However, few countries have reached the level of environmental taxation as is seen in Denmark today although many are considering shifting the tax burden towards the consumption that are harming the environment....

There are considerable benefits from cooperating among member states on meeting the 2020 RES targets. Today countries are supporting investments in renewable energy by many different types of support schemes and with different levels of support. The EU has opened for cooperation mechanisms such...

The trade off between investing in energy savings in single family houses and investing in more expensive heating technologies with low variable costs has been modelled for a number of building and consumer categories in Denmark. The households have an option to combine their primary heating...

Security of supply in electricity is questioned in liberalised markets as it is often characterised as a public good. We examine if this can be modified allowing for creation of security markets, which can be justified by welfare gains. From a welfare perspective it is possible that security...