The purpose of this paper is to study the strategies implemented by firms to protect their knowledge base. Intellectual property rights – and notably patents - are the first tools that come to mind. Their rationale, since their origin, has been to give inventors some incentives and at the same...

The “use value” of assets in the classical paradigm allowed distinction between those held by capitalists and those held by rentiers. Most small businesses in the United States operate more akin to the model of rentiers than capitalists. Ironically, long run equilibrium in the Marshallian...

The historical context determines for most part the order of priority of the scientific phenomena to study, the techniques (methods and tools) to use, as well as the social use which will be made of the results. Classical Economists highlighted three stages in the transformation of the...

The social character of people’s attitude to each other is developing regarding the conditions, the process, and the result of labour attitude towards nature, regarding the mode of production. The movement for socialism, the revolutionary process, emerges as a necessity based on the...

La progression du marché en Chine depuis la politique d’ouverture menée par Deng Xiaoping est allée de pair avec la définition de règles et de lois visant à encadrer l’activité de création scientifique et technique, c'est-à-dire de règles de respect de la propriété...

Since the entrance of Tunisia to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 1995, the Tunisian pharmaceutical industry has recorded considerable changes. Notably, with the extension of patentability to pharmaceuticals, the sector is now at a dynamic stage of transformation, translated by a notable...

La Chaîne d’Offre (Supply Chain) fait partie de la coopération interentreprises et de la dynamique organisationnelle de nombreuses activités, processus et systèmes. C’est le défi pour chaque partenaire d’établir une stratégie de définition des facteurs clés de la réussite et de...

Does the development of new means of circulating and processing information (notably the internet) ensure an immediate and easy access to information by every economic agent? Strategic information, that which is essential to define and implement the technical and financial strategies of...

Cet article discute l'introduction de l'idée de cluster industriel aux Etats- Unis et l'utilisation de cette idée qui ouvre une initiative de développement économique dans la région de Puget Sound, une région composée de plusieurs localités dans l'Etat de Washington. L'initiative de...