The consumer's world is extended to include spatially separate employment and commodity markets. Income available for the purchase of commodities varies with location because of commuting costs. The delivered prices of commodities depend on consumer location. Utility maximization involves the...

Mills' programming model of efficient resource allocation in an urban area is extended to include multiple nuclei and intermediate goods. The new model is a decomposable linear program in which the primary resource value of the city plus transportation costs are minimized subject to a prescribed...

The Hitchcock-Koopmans transportation problem is linked to the gravity model of regional analysis with the aid of two new analytical results. Eighty transportation problems are generated by Monte Carlo methods and solved by linear programming. The transportation cost minimizing flows are...

Interregional input-output models have seldom been empirically articulated owing no doubt to the inordinate demands made on research teams to collect data on economic flows and to prepare the oeffecients required int he models. This paper talks about a more recent model, which is that of...

The Hitchcock-Koopmans (HK) transportation problem in linear programming (4), (5) and the Cournot-Enke-Samuelson (KES) pricing problem in spatial price equilibrium (2), (3), (6) are two classic analyses in the theory of transportation costs. In this paper, I generalize the HK analysis to take...

The theory of the location of the firm is characterized by a number of classic analyses. Each analysis has been concerned with developing a particular property of equilibrium location of the firm, in general, for quite different models of markets. However, there is a consistent conceptual...

This paper is in one sense the analysis of a particular case of the Hadley and Kemp model (described in the paper). We shall focus on two region or country trade with two orthodox commodities plus a produced transport commodity. We will observe that balance of payments disequilibrium is a...

In his classic work, The Economics of Location, August Losch claimed to have proved that the free entry of firms to a market in two dimensional geographic space characterized by uniform quality throughout its area would result in hexagon-shaped market areas.

A group of well-known models in location theory can be classified according to three salient properties--the presence or absence of homogeneity in the geographic space with respect to first the distribution of consumers, secondly the distribution of inputs for production, and thirdly the...

Hotelling's 1929 article concerning the behavior of duopolists in a spatial setting has had a lasting influence in economics and political science. With a simple model, he was able to elucide why "our cities become uneconomically large and business districts within them too concentrated"; and...