This article is set within the framework of studies focusing on the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the dynamics of economic activity. For the purposes of the analysis of the expectations expressed in business tendency surveys, the paper aims to verify whether the pandemic of 2020-2022 can be...

Item count techniques (ICTs) are indirect survey questioning methods designed to deal with sensitive features. These techniques have gained the support of many applied researchers and undergone further theoretical development. Latterly in the literature, two new item count methods, called...

A review of results concerning the problem of sampling based on ranked sets is presented. From an infinite or finite population n independent samples of n elements each are drawn. The samples are ranked and then n elements are chosen to be measured.

This paper considers unregistered international trade along the eastern border of Poland. On this basis, we present difficulties in defining the parallel economy. We present a number of possibilities of assessing the unregistered trade volume by indirect information such as passenger transport...

Item count techniques (ICTs) are indirect survey questioning methods designed to deal with sensitive features. These techniques have gained the support of many applied researchers and undergone further theoretical development. Latterly in the literature, two new item count methods, called...